Ventilation of a dead-end duct having a porous barrier

Analytic expressions for the flow and pressure in a dead-end duct which has loss of fluid through a porous wall are developed. The presence of an obstruction or auxiliary fan at the end of the duct is included. In either case there is a maximum permissible length of duct. As the duct length approaches this maximum, the main supply fan power and flow increase dramatically. There is no recirculation within the duct when there is an obstruction at the end of the duct. If an auxiliary fan is used, there is always recirculation. However the use of an auxiliary fan can yield major savings in total power requirements.     

考虑舒适度的制造环境中HVAC节能优化控制研究

针对制造系统中HVAC高能耗的问题,通过分析制造环境中的热量对HVAC与温度的影响,建立了考虑舒适度的HVAC节能优化模型,并运用模拟退火算法优化目标函数。实验结果表明,HVAC节能优化模型不仅降低了5.9%的能耗,而且室内温度范围在28~29℃,符合节能与舒适的双标准。     

电压二次回路异常对保护动作的原理分析

电压互感器二次电压回路接线正确对保护装置正常运行至关重要,结合某变电站保护误动实例,建立接地故障等值电路模型,从原理上分析电压二次回路异常对纵联零序方向保护产生的影响,并提出该类型故障的处理和预防措施。     

被动式建筑空气龄和热舒适度的数值分析

为研究地下室和通风井以及通风井开口面积对被动式建筑室内空气龄和热环境的影响。我们利用计算流体力学软件PHOENICS对上述情况进行模拟研究。模拟结果表明:设置地下室和通风井将有利于室内空气品质的提升和热环境的改善;建筑单独设置通风井对空气龄的影响较大,对热环境的影响较小;当通风井开口面积与横截面积之比分别为2/3、1/2、1/3时,取通风井开口面积与横截面积之比为1/2,则一楼空气龄和室内热环境为最佳。     

纵向数据单指标模型的广义经验似然统计推断

基于广义估计方程和二次推断函数方法,提出了纠偏的广义经验似然方法对纵向数据单指标模型进行统计推断,获得了模型中指标参数分量的极大经验似然估计和纠偏的广义经验对数似然比统计量.证明了相关估计量在一定条件下具有渐近正态性,且纠偏的广义经验对数似然比统计量依分布收敛于χ2分布,利用所得结果,可以构造未知参数的置信域及相关的假设检验.     

Numerical Simulation of Energy Saving Potential in Dispersing Process of Blasted Smoke in Mines

The dispersing process of the blasted smoke in underground mines by ventilation is very important for the safety of personnel, and its energy consumption is also worthy of concern. In this study, the impact of supply air flow rate on the decay process of harmful gases and fan energy, and the role of harmful gases buried by blasted pile in the smoke dispersing process is analyzed with three-dimensional numerical simulation. According to the results, air flow facilitates quick smoke dispersion and the gas emits from the blasted pile is only significant at the beginning of ventilation. It is thus recommended that large amount of air supply is taken to disperse the smoke quickly until the concentration of harmful gases reaches relevant standards, and reduce the amount of air in the remain time with frequency conversion technology to save energy. In the given study, 12 m/s air flow rate is taken for dispersing smoke and 3 m/s air flow rate is taken for the waiting time. The energy consumption for ventilation is reduced by about 50％. In addition, due to the gases in the blasted pile remains very high concentration after the dispersing process, it is recommended to keep suitable amount of ventilation in the consequent process.     

三角形小翼纵向涡发生器的流动换热

探究了加装三角形小翼纵向涡发生器的H形翅片换热流动特性.模拟结果显示,随着来流速度的增加,回流区里的气流温度逐渐升高;随着雷诺数的增加,压力损失、努谢尔数增大,进出口温差、欧拉数、换热因子和综合性能都减小.随着攻角的增大,加装纵向涡发生器的单H形翅片的进出口温差、压力损失、努谢尔数、欧拉数和换热因子都增大,而综合性能先增大后减小.     

纵向涡发生器攻角对翅片传热性能的影响

为了提高翅片式换热器的强化传热性能,对不同攻角的纵向涡发生器的翅片区域进行了研究.采用流体仿真软件FLUENT对发生器的翅片区域建立六面体网格模型,对不同攻角的纵向涡发生器的努塞尔数、阻力因子、综合性能分别进行数值分析和对比.结果显示:随着纵向涡发生器的攻角增加,纵向涡翅片的努塞尔数增强的越来越明显,其中纵向涡发生器攻角为45°的翅片努塞尔数最大;同时随着纵向涡发生器的攻角增加,阻力因子也随之增加;带纵向涡发生器的翅片的传热效果强于不带纵向涡发生器的翅片;通过比较综合评价因子,攻角为45°的纵向涡翅片在雷诺数为2000~6000内,综合性能最好.     

饱水对岩溶灰岩力学性质与纵波波速的影响

为研究饱水对岩溶灰岩力学性质和纵波波速的影响,进行自然和饱水状态下岩样的力学性能和弹性波测试。试验结果表明:饱水对岩溶灰岩的单轴抗拉强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量有明显的软化作用,饱水状态试样的峰值应变和泊松比整体上大于自然状态的对应值;岩溶灰岩试样在饱水条件下的纵波波速均明显高于自然状态下的纵波波速,试样的单轴抗压强度和抗拉强度与纵波波速具有较高的线性相关性。基于目前的研究现状,阐述了研究成果在隧道与周边高压充填隐伏溶腔间防突岩层稳定性评价及最小防突厚度确定中的应用。     

Research of Application of Passive Natural Ventilated Strategies of High-Density Urban Area

High-density development is becoming an inevitable tendency in Chinese urbanization. In this study, the application of natural ventilation in high-density urban development is discussed. Based on the domestic and foreign study on natural ventilation, indoor and outdoor natural ventilated strategies, and the application on natural ventilation in underground space development are analyzed. From the study, the relationship between passive and active ventilated technologies is interpreted into what is described to be synergistic, complementary and additive.